ردهها paradox paradoxes of material implication 1.𝐴⊃(𝐵⊃𝐴) A⊃(B⊃A) A→(B→A)Introduction of an assumptionmember✹ 2.¬𝐴⊃(𝐴⊃𝐵) ¬A⊃(A⊃B) ¬A→(A→B) vacuous truthmember✹ 3.(𝐴⊃𝐵)∨(𝐵⊃𝐴) (A⊃B)∨(B⊃A) (A→B)∨(B→A)M3member✹ 4.(𝐴⊃𝐵)∨(𝐵⊃𝐶) (A⊃B)∨(B⊃C) (A→B)∨(B→C)M4member✹